Robert Charles Powell, MD, PhD
AUTHOR / RESEARCHER / HISTORIAN / CLINICIAN
linguistic/ cognitive dynamic psychiatry meets
neurologic/ nutritional/ endocrinologic psychobiology
Latest clinical release:
Listening Closely to Patients --
without Jumping to Conclusions
{essays on practicing psychiatry} [2021]
https://www.amazon.com/dp/1542835364/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=listening+closely+to+patients&qid=1627610561&s=books&sr=1-1&asin=B09BG1FYK9&revisionId=b94a9236&format=1&depth=2
Two observational studies:
PART ONE – Differentiation of Moods as a Reflection of Ego Organization and Personality Style: Listening Very, Very Closely as Patients Answer Only Five Questions. [neurotic/ normal, borderline, psychotic]
PART TWO – Erroneous Psychiatric Self-Diagnosis: Non-Psychiatric Patients that Present at a Psychiatrist’s Office.
APPENDIX – Elucidation of Useful Additional Clinical Data.
*****Ascertaining Soft Neurologic Signs.
*****Ascertaining Nutritional Deficits
(Iron Deficiency, Pyridoxine/ B6 Deficiency,
Zinc Deficiency, Vitamin D Deficiency,
Hypercalcemia, Magnesium Deficiency,
Cobalamin/ B12 Deficiency, Hypocalcemia).
*****Ascertaining PreMenstrual Syndrome/ "PMS".]
*****Reconsidering the Relationships of Parts One & Two.
Previous latest release:
When Death Is NOT Theoretical: The Readiness of the Music Group ‘Queen’ for Living with Freddie Mercury’s Dying [2nd edition, 2018]
neurologic/ nutritional/ endocrinologic psychobiology
Latest clinical release:
Listening Closely to Patients --
without Jumping to Conclusions
{essays on practicing psychiatry} [2021]
https://www.amazon.com/dp/1542835364/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=listening+closely+to+patients&qid=1627610561&s=books&sr=1-1&asin=B09BG1FYK9&revisionId=b94a9236&format=1&depth=2
Two observational studies:
PART ONE – Differentiation of Moods as a Reflection of Ego Organization and Personality Style: Listening Very, Very Closely as Patients Answer Only Five Questions. [neurotic/ normal, borderline, psychotic]
PART TWO – Erroneous Psychiatric Self-Diagnosis: Non-Psychiatric Patients that Present at a Psychiatrist’s Office.
APPENDIX – Elucidation of Useful Additional Clinical Data.
*****Ascertaining Soft Neurologic Signs.
*****Ascertaining Nutritional Deficits
(Iron Deficiency, Pyridoxine/ B6 Deficiency,
Zinc Deficiency, Vitamin D Deficiency,
Hypercalcemia, Magnesium Deficiency,
Cobalamin/ B12 Deficiency, Hypocalcemia).
*****Ascertaining PreMenstrual Syndrome/ "PMS".]
*****Reconsidering the Relationships of Parts One & Two.
Previous latest release:
When Death Is NOT Theoretical: The Readiness of the Music Group ‘Queen’ for Living with Freddie Mercury’s Dying [2nd edition, 2018]
Most considerations of Queen and its musical catalogue have been by journalists, but Dr. Powell approaches these questions as an historian and clinician, analyzing fifty-some songs and mobilizing extensive amounts of data to support his conclusions. — excerpt from description of When Death is NOT Theoretical, Amazon
2nd ed -- with an Addendum & now an Index -- 40% longer than 1st ed
2nd ed -- with an Addendum & now an Index -- 40% longer than 1st ed
Freddie Mercury -- Brian May -- Roger Taylor -- John Deacon
-- "Bohemian Rhapsody" --
-- "Bohemian Rhapsody" --
**COVID-19**
See below, under "Works." my booklet:
Pentoxifylline: A Versatile Off-Patent Medication Best Not Overlooked
Some Published Medical Thoughts (as of February 19th, 2022) about
COVID-19 & Pentoxifylline
(a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor ) (a production inhibitor of TNF-alpha, IL-6, & IL-2R -- all of which are higher in COVID-19 infection)
*****
Important New Article -- February 2022:
Feret W, Nalewajska M, Wojczyński Ł, Witkiewicz W, Kłos P, Dziedziejko V, Pawlik A. “Pentoxifylline as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy for COVID-19: Impeding the Burden of the Cytokine Storm [and of Fibrotic Clots].” J Clin Med. 2021 Nov 15;10(22):5305; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8617922/ ; “… Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a drug that exhibits broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects through mechanisms involving the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), in parallel with rheological effects. Previous studies have shown that PTX has anti-inflammatory effects and, therefore, may be beneficial in countering the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19. This drug has also been shown to reduce lung fibrosis in patients with COVID-19, as well as to prevent thromboembolic events. Therefore, PTX may exert potential benefits in treating the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 as well as its complications.” [bolding added]
[in early 2022, the role of fibrin clots in COVID-19 deaths became more appreciated.
Brubaker LS, Saini A, Nguyen TC, Martinez-Vargas M, Lam FW, Yao Q, Loor MM, Rosengart TK, Cruz MA. “Aberrant Fibrin Clot Structure Visualized Ex Vivo in Critically Ill Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.” Crit Care Med. 2022 Feb 15; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35170535/ ; “… Blood was collected from 36 patients including 26 ICU patients with COVID-19 and 10 ICU patients with sepsis but without COVID-19 at a median of 11 days after ICU admission (interquartile range, 3-16). The cohorts were similar in age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and mortality. More patients with COVID-19 (100% vs 70% ...) required anticoagulation. Ex vivo fibrin clots formed from patients with COVID-19 appeared to be denser and to have smaller pores than those from patients with sepsis but without COVID-19 …. We found aberrant fibrin clot structure and function in critically ill patients with COVID-19. These findings may contribute to the poor outcomes observed in COVID-19 patients with widespread fibrin deposition.” bolding added]
Hendry BM, Stafford N, Arnold AD, et al. “Hypothesis: Pentoxifylline is a potential cytokine modulator therapeutic in COVID-19 patients.” Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2020 Aug;8(4):e00631; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32715661/ .
Dalamaga M, Karampela I, Mantzoros CS. “Commentary: Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as potential adjunct treatment targeting the cytokine storm in COVID-19.” Metabolism. 2020 Aug;109:154282; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32497535/ .
Giorgi M, Cardarelli S, Ragusa F, et al. “Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Could They Be Beneficial for the Treatment of COVID-19?”. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jul;21(15):5338; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32727145/ .
González-Pacheco H, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Sandoval J, Arias-Mendoza “A. Potential usefulness of pentoxifylline, a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, antioxidant, and anti-fibrogenic properties, in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.” Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Jul;24(13):7494-7496; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32706089/ .
Kanthi Y, Knight JS, Zuo Y, Pinsky DJ. “New (re)purpose for an old drug: purinergic modulation may extinguish the COVID-19 thromboinflammatory firestorm.” JCI Insight. 2020 Jul;5(14):140971; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32530438/ .
Bridgewood C, Damiani G, Sharif K, et al. “Rationale for Evaluating PDE4 Inhibition for Mitigating against Severe Inflammation in COVID-19 Pneumonia and Beyond.” Isr Med Assoc J. 2020 Jun;22(6):335-339; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32558435/ .
cytokine storm - TNF-alpha - IL-6 - IL-2R - corona virus - anti-inflammatory
See below, under "Works." my booklet:
Pentoxifylline: A Versatile Off-Patent Medication Best Not Overlooked
Some Published Medical Thoughts (as of February 19th, 2022) about
COVID-19 & Pentoxifylline
(a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor ) (a production inhibitor of TNF-alpha, IL-6, & IL-2R -- all of which are higher in COVID-19 infection)
*****
Important New Article -- February 2022:
Feret W, Nalewajska M, Wojczyński Ł, Witkiewicz W, Kłos P, Dziedziejko V, Pawlik A. “Pentoxifylline as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy for COVID-19: Impeding the Burden of the Cytokine Storm [and of Fibrotic Clots].” J Clin Med. 2021 Nov 15;10(22):5305; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8617922/ ; “… Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a drug that exhibits broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects through mechanisms involving the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), in parallel with rheological effects. Previous studies have shown that PTX has anti-inflammatory effects and, therefore, may be beneficial in countering the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19. This drug has also been shown to reduce lung fibrosis in patients with COVID-19, as well as to prevent thromboembolic events. Therefore, PTX may exert potential benefits in treating the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 as well as its complications.” [bolding added]
[in early 2022, the role of fibrin clots in COVID-19 deaths became more appreciated.
Brubaker LS, Saini A, Nguyen TC, Martinez-Vargas M, Lam FW, Yao Q, Loor MM, Rosengart TK, Cruz MA. “Aberrant Fibrin Clot Structure Visualized Ex Vivo in Critically Ill Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.” Crit Care Med. 2022 Feb 15; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35170535/ ; “… Blood was collected from 36 patients including 26 ICU patients with COVID-19 and 10 ICU patients with sepsis but without COVID-19 at a median of 11 days after ICU admission (interquartile range, 3-16). The cohorts were similar in age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and mortality. More patients with COVID-19 (100% vs 70% ...) required anticoagulation. Ex vivo fibrin clots formed from patients with COVID-19 appeared to be denser and to have smaller pores than those from patients with sepsis but without COVID-19 …. We found aberrant fibrin clot structure and function in critically ill patients with COVID-19. These findings may contribute to the poor outcomes observed in COVID-19 patients with widespread fibrin deposition.” bolding added]
Hendry BM, Stafford N, Arnold AD, et al. “Hypothesis: Pentoxifylline is a potential cytokine modulator therapeutic in COVID-19 patients.” Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2020 Aug;8(4):e00631; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32715661/ .
Dalamaga M, Karampela I, Mantzoros CS. “Commentary: Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as potential adjunct treatment targeting the cytokine storm in COVID-19.” Metabolism. 2020 Aug;109:154282; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32497535/ .
Giorgi M, Cardarelli S, Ragusa F, et al. “Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Could They Be Beneficial for the Treatment of COVID-19?”. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jul;21(15):5338; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32727145/ .
González-Pacheco H, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Sandoval J, Arias-Mendoza “A. Potential usefulness of pentoxifylline, a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, antioxidant, and anti-fibrogenic properties, in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.” Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Jul;24(13):7494-7496; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32706089/ .
Kanthi Y, Knight JS, Zuo Y, Pinsky DJ. “New (re)purpose for an old drug: purinergic modulation may extinguish the COVID-19 thromboinflammatory firestorm.” JCI Insight. 2020 Jul;5(14):140971; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32530438/ .
Bridgewood C, Damiani G, Sharif K, et al. “Rationale for Evaluating PDE4 Inhibition for Mitigating against Severe Inflammation in COVID-19 Pneumonia and Beyond.” Isr Med Assoc J. 2020 Jun;22(6):335-339; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32558435/ .
cytokine storm - TNF-alpha - IL-6 - IL-2R - corona virus - anti-inflammatory
